1. 利用MyBatis结合Junit、Log4j实现对数据库的增删改查。
导入MyBatis、Junit、Log4j和mysql驱动包,IntelliJ导包操作:File -> Project Structure -> Modules(左侧栏) -> 找到”+”,选择JARs -> 选择对应包路径即可。

确定各个包做的事情:

  1. MyBatis:主要解决了之前使用JDBC对数据库进行操作的繁杂步骤,是一种ORM。
  2. Junit:java测试框架。
  3. Log4j:主要用户log记录。
  4. mysql驱动:为java连接mysql数据库提供驱动及操作承载。

实验步骤:

  1. 安装mysql数据库,创建数据库,创建表。为方便进行实验,我创建的user表结构如下:

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    +------------+-------------+------+-----+-------------------+-----------------------------+
    | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
    +------------+-------------+------+-----+-------------------+-----------------------------+
    | id | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment |
    | passwd | varchar(16) | NO | | NULL | |
    | nickname | varchar(20) | NO | | NULL | |
    | createTime | timestamp | NO | | CURRENT_TIMESTAMP | |
    | updateTime | datetime | YES | | CURRENT_TIMESTAMP | on update CURRENT_TIMESTAMP |
    +------------+-------------+------+-----+-------------------+-----------------------------+
  2. 创建java工程。导包。

  3. 编写User实例。

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    public class User {

    private Integer id;
    private String passwd;
    private String nickname;

    public Integer getId() {
    return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
    this.id = id;
    }

    public String getPasswd() {
    return passwd;
    }

    public void setPasswd(String passwd) {
    this.passwd = passwd;
    }

    public String getNickname() {
    return nickname;
    }

    public void setNickname(String nickname) {
    this.nickname = nickname;
    }
    }
  4. 编写User.xml mapper文件。该文件可以暂时认为是之前JDBC做的事情,在此配置好User实例中对应的方法要操作数据库的事情。

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    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <!DOCTYPE mapper
    PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
    "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

    <!-- mapper标签要指定namespace属性,不然会报错,可看做包名-->
    <mapper namespace="com.pjhubs.dao.intf.UserDAO">
    <select id="selectUserWithID" parameterType="int" resultType="com.pjhubs.instance.User">
    select * from user where id = #{id}
    </select>
    <select id="selectAllUser" resultType="com.pjhubs.instance.User">
    select * from user
    </select>
    <insert id="insertUser" parameterType="com.pjhubs.instance.User">
    insert into user(nickname,passwd) values(#{nickname},#{passwd})
    </insert>
    <delete id="deleteUserWithID" parameterType="int">
    delete from user where id=#{id}
    </delete>
    <update id="updateUserWithNickname" parameterType="com.pjhubs.instance.User">
    update user set nickname=#{nickname} where id=#{id}
    </update>
    </mapper>

  5. 编写MyBatis配置文件,SqlMapConfig.xml

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    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
    <!DOCTYPE configuration
    PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
    "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
    <configuration>
    <environments default="development">
    <environment id="development">
    <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
    <dataSource type="POOLED">
    <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
    <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/your_database_name?useSSL=false"/>
    <property name="username" value="your_database_name"/>
    <property name="password" value="your_database_password"/>
    </dataSource>
    </environment>
    </environments>
    <mappers>
    <mapper resource="User.xml"/>
    </mappers>
    </configuration>
  6. 编写User接口及其实现。

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    // ---------- user interface ---------
    import java.util.List;
    import com.pjhubs.instance.User;

    public interface UserDAO {

    public User selectUserWithID(int ID) throws Exception;
    public List<User> selectAllUser() throws Exception;
    public void insertUser(User user) throws Exception;
    public void deleteUserWithID(int ID) throws Exception;
    public void updateUserWithNickname(User user) throws Exception;

    }

    // ---------- user implements -----------
    import java.io.InputStream;
    import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.List;

    import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
    import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
    import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
    import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;

    import com.pjhubs.dao.intf.UserDAO;
    import com.pjhubs.instance.User;

    public class UserDAOImpl implements UserDAO {

    @Override
    public User selectUserWithID(int ID) throws Exception {
    String resource = "SqlMapConfig.xml";
    InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
    SqlSessionFactory factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
    SqlSession session = factory.openSession();
    User user = session.selectOne("user.selectUserWithID", ID);
    session.close();
    return user;
    }

    @Override
    public List<User> selectAllUser() {
    List<User> usersList = new ArrayList<User>();
    try {
    String resource = "SqlMapConfig.xml";
    InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
    SqlSessionFactory factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
    SqlSession session = factory.openSession();
    usersList = session.selectList("user.selectAllUser");
    session.close();
    } catch (Exception e) {
    System.out.println(e);
    }
    return usersList;
    }

    @Override
    public void insertUser(User user) throws Exception {
    String resource = "SqlMapConfig.xml";
    InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
    SqlSessionFactory factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
    SqlSession session = factory.openSession();
    session.insert("user.insertUser", user);
    // insert、Update、delete 加上 commit
    session.commit();
    session.close();
    }

    @Override
    public void deleteUserWithID(int ID) throws Exception {
    String resource = "SqlMapConfig.xml";
    InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
    SqlSessionFactory factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
    SqlSession session = factory.openSession();
    session.delete("user.deleteUserWithID", ID);
    // insert、Update、delete 加上 commit
    session.commit();
    session.close();
    }

    @Override
    public void updateUserWithNickname(User user) throws Exception {
    String resource = "SqlMapConfig.xml";
    InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
    SqlSessionFactory factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
    SqlSession session = factory.openSession();
    session.update("user.updateUserWithNickname", user);
    // insert、Update、delete 加上 commit
    session.commit();
    session.close();
    }
    }
  7. 使用Junit进行测试。

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    import java.util.List;
    import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;

    import com.pjhubs.instance.User;
    import com.pjhubs.dao.intf.UserDAO;
    import com.pjhubs.dao.impl.UserDAOImpl;

    public class UserTest {

    @Test
    public void testSelectAllUser() throws Exception {
    UserDAO userDAO = new UserDAOImpl();
    List<User> userList = userDAO.selectAllUser();
    for (User user : userList) {
    System.out.println("id:" + user.getId() + "昵称:" + user.getNickname());
    }
    }

    @Test
    public void testSelectUserWithID() throws Exception {
    UserDAO userDAO = new UserDAOImpl();
    User user = userDAO.selectUserWithID(1);
    System.out.println("id:" + user.getId() + " 昵称:" + user.getNickname());
    }

    @Test
    public void testInsertUser() throws Exception {
    UserDAO userDAO = new UserDAOImpl();
    User user = new User();
    user.setNickname("PJHubs");
    user.setPasswd("woaiwoziji123");
    userDAO.insertUser(user);
    }

    @Test
    public void testDeleteUserByID() throws Exception {
    UserDAO userDAO = new UserDAOImpl();
    userDAO.deleteUserWithID(1);
    }

    @Test
    public void testUpdateUserNickname() throws Exception {
    UserDAO userDAO = new UserDAOImpl();
    User user = new User();
    user.setNickname("pjhubs");
    user.setId(1);
    user.setPasswd("woaiwoziji123");
    userDAO.updateUserWithNickname(user);
    }

    }

  8. 使用Junit编写测试类,

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    import java.util.List;
    import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;

    import com.pjhubs.instance.User;
    import com.pjhubs.dao.intf.UserDAO;
    import com.pjhubs.dao.impl.UserDAOImpl;

    public class UserTest {

    @Test
    public void testSelectAllUser() throws Exception {
    UserDAO userDAO = new UserDAOImpl();
    List<User> userList = userDAO.selectAllUser();
    for (User user : userList) {
    System.out.println("id:" + user.getId() + "昵称:" + user.getNickname());
    }
    }

    @Test
    public void testSelectUserWithID() throws Exception {
    UserDAO userDAO = new UserDAOImpl();
    User user = userDAO.selectUserWithID(1);
    System.out.println("id:" + user.getId() + " 昵称:" + user.getNickname());
    }

    @Test
    public void testInsertUser() throws Exception {
    UserDAO userDAO = new UserDAOImpl();
    User user = new User();
    user.setNickname("PJHubs");
    user.setPasswd("woaiwoziji123");
    userDAO.insertUser(user);
    }

    @Test
    public void testDeleteUserByID() throws Exception {
    UserDAO userDAO = new UserDAOImpl();
    userDAO.deleteUserWithID(1);
    }

    @Test
    public void testUpdateUserNickname() throws Exception {
    UserDAO userDAO = new UserDAOImpl();
    User user = new User();
    user.setNickname("pjhubs");
    user.setId(1);
    user.setPasswd("woaiwoziji123");
    userDAO.updateUserWithNickname(user);
    }

    }

至此经过八个步骤,实验完成,但还有个可以优化的地方,会发现其实在给UserDAO写implements时出现了非常多的重复性代码,经过一番搜索,发现可以使用MyBatis提供的Mapper代理开发模式进行优化,这个模式的意思是说,coder只需要编写mapper接口,可以认为是之前写的UserDAO interface,而不用再写具有相当多的重复性代码的implements,因为MyBatis会自动为Mapper接口生成动态代理实现类,编写Mapper接口类需要注意一下事项:

  1. mapper接口的全限定名(包名)要和mapper映射文件的namespace的值相同。
  2. mapper接口的方法名称要和mapper映射文件中的statement的id相同。
  3. mapper接口的方法参数只能有一个,且类型要和mapper映射文件中statement的parameterType的值保持一致。
  4. mapper接口的返回值类型要和mapper映射文件中statement的resultType值或resultMap中的type值保持一致。

可见如果想要做一些简单的操作,用这种模式最方便不过了。

接下来,需要修改User.xml文件为:

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<!-- 修改了namespace -->
<mapper namespace="com.pjhubs.dao.intf.UserMapper">
<select id="selectUserWithID" parameterType="int" resultType="com.pjhubs.instance.User">
select * from user where id = #{id}
</select>
<select id="selectAllUser" resultType="com.pjhubs.instance.User">
select * from user
</select>
<insert id="insertUser" parameterType="com.pjhubs.instance.User">
insert into user(nickname,passwd) values(#{nickname},#{passwd})
</insert>
<delete id="deleteUserWithID" parameterType="int">
delete from user where id=#{id}
</delete>
<update id="updateUserWithNickname" parameterType="com.pjhubs.instance.User">
update user set nickname=#{nickname} where id=#{id}
</update>
</mapper>

创建一个新的UserMapper接口类,

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import com.pjhubs.instance.User;

import java.util.List;

public interface UserMapper {

public User selectUserWithID(int ID) throws Exception;
public List<User> selectAllUser() throws Exception;
public void insertUser(User user) throws Exception;
public void deleteUserWithID(int ID) throws Exception;
public void updateUserWithNickname(User user) throws Exception;

}

创建一个新的测试类,

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import java.util.List;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;

import com.pjhubs.instance.User;
import com.pjhubs.dao.intf.UserDAO;
import com.pjhubs.dao.impl.UserDAOImpl;

public class UserTest {

@Test
public void testSelectAllUser() throws Exception {
UserDAO userDAO = new UserDAOImpl();
List<User> userList = userDAO.selectAllUser();
for (User user : userList) {
System.out.println("id:" + user.getId() + "昵称:" + user.getNickname());
}
}

@Test
public void testSelectUserWithID() throws Exception {
UserDAO userDAO = new UserDAOImpl();
User user = userDAO.selectUserWithID(1);
System.out.println("id:" + user.getId() + " 昵称:" + user.getNickname());
}

@Test
public void testInsertUser() throws Exception {
UserDAO userDAO = new UserDAOImpl();
User user = new User();
user.setNickname("PJHubs");
user.setPasswd("woaiwoziji123");
userDAO.insertUser(user);
}

@Test
public void testDeleteUserByID() throws Exception {
UserDAO userDAO = new UserDAOImpl();
userDAO.deleteUserWithID(1);
}

@Test
public void testUpdateUserNickname() throws Exception {
UserDAO userDAO = new UserDAOImpl();
User user = new User();
user.setNickname("pjhubs");
user.setId(1);
user.setPasswd("woaiwoziji123");
userDAO.updateUserWithNickname(user);
}

}

2. 自己定义一个线程,每过5秒钟将当前系统的使用内存,用Log4j打印到磁盘和屏幕。
创建一个线程类,

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package pjhubs;

import org.apache.log4j.Logger;

public class ThreadClass implements Runnable {
private Thread t;
private String threadName;

ThreadClass( String name) {
threadName = name;
System.out.println("Creating " + threadName );
}

public void run() {
System.out.println("Running " + threadName );
while(true) {
try {
Thread.sleep(2000);
Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(Main.class);
logger.info("当前JVM已经从操作系统拿到的内存大小:"
+ Runtime.getRuntime().totalMemory() / 1024 / 1024 + "M");
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
System.out.println("Thread " + threadName + " interrupted.");
}
System.out.println("Thread " + threadName + " exiting.");
}
}

public void start () {
System.out.println("Starting " + threadName );
if (t == null) {
t = new Thread (this, threadName);
t.start ();
}
}
}

在Main方法中进行调用,

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public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
ThreadClass t1 = new ThreadClass("pjThread");
t1.start();
}
}